Jump to content

Bitter Sweet Symphony

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

For other uses, see Bittersweet Symphony.
"Bitter Sweet Symphony"
A man looking through a lens
Single by the Verve
from the album Urban Hymns
B-side
  • "Lord I Guess I'll Never Know"
  • "Country Song"
  • "Bitter Sweet Symphony" (radio edit)
  • "Bitter Sweet Symphony" (extended version)
  • "So Sister"
  • "Echo Bass"
Released16 June 1997 (1997-06-16)
Recorded1997
StudioOlympic Studios, London
GenreBritpop
Length
  • 5:58 (album version)
  • 4:33 (radio edit and video version)
  • 7:50 (extended version)
Label
Songwriter(s)Richard Ashcroft
Producer(s)
The Verve singles chronology
"History"
(1995) 		"Bitter Sweet Symphony"
(1997) 		"The Drugs Don't Work"
(1997)
Music video
"Bitter Sweet Symphony" on YouTube
Audio sample

"Bitter Sweet Symphony" is a song by the English rock band the Verve, released on 16 June 1997 by Hut Recordings and Virgin Records as the lead single from their third album, Urban Hymns. It was produced by Youth at Olympic Studios, London.

The Verve developed "Bitter Sweet Symphony" from a sample from a 1965 version of the Rolling Stones song "The Last Time" by the Andrew Oldham Orchestra, adding vocals, strings, guitar and percussion. After a lawsuit by the Rolling Stones' former manager, Allen Klein, the Verve relinquished all royalties and the Rolling Stones members Mick Jagger and Keith Richards were added to the songwriting credits. In 2019, ten years after Klein's death, Jagger, Richards, and Klein's son ceded the rights to the Verve songwriter, Richard Ashcroft.

The music video features Ashcroft walking down a busy pavement in Hoxton, London, bumping into passersby. It was played frequently on music channels and was nominated for Video of the Year, Best Group Video and Best Alternative Video at the 1998 MTV Video Music Awards. It has been parodied in television advertisements and other music videos.

"Bitter Sweet Symphony" reached number two on the UK singles chart, and stayed on the chart for three months.[1] It was released in the US in March 1998 by Virgin Records America, reaching number 12 on the Billboard Hot 100.[2] It was named Rolling Stone and NME Single of the Year and was nominated for Best British Single at the 1998 Brit Awards. In 1999, it was nominated for the Grammy Award for Best Rock Song.[3] "Bitter Sweet Symphony" is considered one of the defining songs of the Britpop era and has been named one of the greatest songs of the decade by several publications. Rolling Stone included "Bitter Sweet Symphony" in two editions of its "500 Greatest Songs of All Time".

The Verve songwriter, Richard Ashcroft, in 2012

Writing and recording

[edit]

"Bitter Sweet Symphony" is based on a sample of a 1965 orchestral version of the Rolling Stones song "The Last Time" by the Andrew Oldham Orchestra.[4] The group was formed by Andrew Loog Oldham, the former producer and manager of the Rolling Stones, who enlisted musicians to create symphonic versions of Rolling Stones songs.[5] The strings in the sample were written and arranged by David Whitaker.[6]

The Verve songwriter, Richard Ashcroft, heard the Andrew Oldham Orchestra version of "The Last Time" and thought it could be "turned into something outrageous".[4] The Verve sampled and looped four bars, then added dozens more tracks, including strings, guitar, percussion and several layers of vocals from Ashcroft.[4] Ashcroft said he imagined "something that opened up into a prairie-music kind of sound", similar to the work of the Italian composer Ennio Morricone, and that "the song started morphing into this wall of sound, a concise piece of incredible pop music".[4] He likened the use of the sample to the golden age of hip hop: "To take something but really twist it and fuck it up into something else. Take it and use your imagination."[4]

The strings that open "Bitter Sweet Symphony" were arranged by Wil Malone, based on the melody in the sample.[6][7] Malone expanded on the melody to add "bounce" and "jump". The strings were recorded in Olympic Studios, London, and performed by a group of 24 players. Malone instructed the players to make the strings "tough" and "determined" rather than pretty or poetic.[8]

"Bitter Sweet Symphony" was produced by Youth at Olympic Studios.[6] According to Youth, Ashcroft initially recorded a version with the producer John Leckie but did not proceed with it; Youth persuaded him to record another version. Youth said: "It was only once we'd put strings on it that he started getting excited. Then, towards the end, Richard wanted to chuck all the album away and start again. What was my reaction? Horror. Sheer horror. All I could say was, I really think you should reconsider."[9]

Music

[edit]

For MTV, Gil Kaufman wrote that "Bitter Sweet Symphony" was "built on a slow-rolling fat beat, a pomp and circumstance violin loop and ... elliptical, snake-swallowing-its-tail lyrics".[10] Jon Wiederhorn of Rolling Stone wrote that it "intertwines baroque strings worthy of Pachelbel with sedated vocals and shimmering guitar lines".[11] Malone observed that the song is built on a single chord, and likened it to Arabic music.[8]

Credits dispute

[edit]

The Verve's record label, Virgin Records, acquired permission to use the "Last Time" sample from Decca Records, the owner of the recording. However, they did not obtain permission from the Rolling Stones' former manager, Allen Klein, the head of ABKCO Records, who owned the composition rights.[12] When "Bitter Sweet Symphony" was about to be released as a single, Klein refused clearance for the sample, saying the Verve had used a larger portion than agreed.[13] According to the Verve's guitarist, Nick McCabe, the dispute depended not on the sample but Ashcroft's vocal melody, which a musicologist determined was a half-time version of the Rolling Stones' "Last Time" melody.[14]

Virgin played "Bitter Sweet Symphony" for the Rolling Stones members Mick Jagger and Keith Richards, who liked it but declined to become involved in the dispute.[4] The Verve's co-manager, Jazz Summers, also sent a copy to Oldham, who wrote back: "Fair cop! Absolute total pinch! You can see why [ABKCO are] rolling up their sleeves."[4]

The Rolling Stones members Keith Richards (left) and Mick Jagger (pictured 2012) received sole songwriting credits until 2019.

Following a lawsuit, the Verve relinquished all royalties to Klein and the songwriting credits were changed to Jagger–Richards.[13][4] Ashcroft received $1,000.[15] His co-manager, John Kennedy, described it as "one of the toughest deals in music history".[16] According to the Verve's bassist, Simon Jones, the Verve were told they would be given half the royalties, but when the single began selling well, they were instructed to relinquish 100% of the royalties or remove it from sale.[17]

Rolling Stone wrote that the outcome was "patently absurd", noting that Jagger and Richards were not involved with the sample or Ashcroft's melody and lyrics.[18] Ashcroft said sarcastically that "Bitter Sweet Symphony" was "the best song Jagger and Richards have written in 20 years",[4] and that it was the Rolling Stones' biggest UK hit since "Brown Sugar" (1971).[17] Asked in 1999 whether he believed the situation was fair, Richards said: "I'm out of whack here, this is serious lawyer shit. If the Verve can write a better song, they can keep the money."[19] David Whitaker, who wrote the string line in the "Last Time" sample, said in 2001: "The whole thing just makes one a bit sick, really."[6]

In 1998, "Bitter Sweet Symphony" was used in a television advertisement for Nike.[20] According to a statement released by the Verve's management, the Verve had a policy against licensing their music to advertising and would not have consented had they retained the rights to the song. As Virgin retained the synchronisation rights, the Verve received a percentage of the money earned from the advertisement.[20] In 1999, Oldham sued ABKCO, saying he was owed up to £1 million in mechanical royalties for the use of the "Last Time" sample.[21][22]

Return of credits to Ashcroft

[edit]

In 2019, Billboard estimated that "Bitter Sweet Symphony" had generated almost $5 million in publishing revenue.[16] In 2018, Ashcroft expressed his anger over the situation, saying: "Someone stole God-knows-how-many million dollars off me in 1997, and they've still got it ... Anyone, unless you are mentally ill, will always remember the day when 50 million dollars was stolen off them."[15] He said he intended to pursue the matter with Klein's son, Jody,[15] who had become the head of ABKCO following Klein's death in 2009.[16]

In early 2019, Ashcroft's managers approached Jody Klein. He connected them to the Rolling Stones' manager, Joyce Smyth, who agreed to speak to Jagger and Richards.[16] That April, ABKCO, Jagger and Richards agreed to return the "Bitter Sweet Symphony" royalties and songwriting credits to Ashcroft.[16] Ashcroft announced the agreement in May, when he received the Ivor Novello Award for Outstanding Contribution to British Music from the British Academy of Songwriters, Composers, and Authors.[13] He said it was a "kind and magnanimous" move, and said: "I never had a personal beef with the Stones. They've always been the greatest rock and roll band in the world. It's been a fantastic development. It's life-affirming in a way."[23] In a statement, the Rolling Stones said they acknowledged the financial and emotional cost of "having to surrender the composition of one of your own songs".[23]

Music video

[edit]
Screenshot from the music video, with Ashcroft in Hoxton, London

The "Bitter Sweet Symphony" music video was directed by Walter Stern and released on 11 June 1997.[24] In the video, Ashcroft walks down a busy pavement in Hoxton, London, oblivious to passersby and bumping into them.[25] The other Verve band members join him and walk down the street into the distance. Critics likened it to the 1991 Massive Attack video "Unfinished Sympathy", which has the singer Shara Nelson walking in Los Angeles.[25]

The music video was played frequently on music channels and was nominated for a number of awards, including three MTV Awards at the 1998 MTV Video Music Awards.[26] The British comedy band Fat Les released a parody of the video for their 1998 song "Vindaloo", an alternative anthem for England at the 1998 FIFA World Cup.[27] In the video, the comedian Paul Kaye, dressed as Ashcroft, walks down the same Hoxton pavement and is mocked by passersby.[28] In 2015, the video was parodied in a television advertisement for Radio X that featured the DJ Chris Moyles walking down a street colliding with people. It triggered 106 complaints from viewers who felt the video was offensive and encouraged antisocial and violent behaviour.[29]

In 2016, The Telegraph named Hoxton Street one of the locations that defined the Britpop era,[30] and the Guardian journalist Francesca Perry included the video in a list of the best music videos about city life.[25] Perry wrote that "Hoxton Street in the late '90s was just on the cusp before the area underwent rapid gentrification and hipsterisation, so the video has become a kind of historic snapshot".[25]

Legacy

[edit]

"Bitter Sweet Symphony" is the Verve's signature song and one of the defining songs of the Britpop era. It was named the Rolling Stone and NME Single of the Year for 1997.[citation needed] In 1998, BBC Radio 1 listeners voted it the third-greatest track of all time,[31] and it was named the third-best single of 1997 by The Village Voice's Pazz & Jop annual critics' poll. In a 2005 poll for the Channel 4 series 100 Greatest, the it was voted the eighth-best pop video.[32] The song received further exposure when it was used in adverts for Vauxhall and Nike.[22]

On 2 July 2005, at the Live 8 concert in Hyde Park, London, Coldplay invited Ashcroft to perform the song with them during their set. They played it after only one rehearsal in Crystal Palace. Coldplay's singer, Chris Martin, introduced Ashcroft as "the best singer in the world" and described the song as "probably the best song ever written".[33][34]

In 2007, NME named "Bitter Sweet Symphony" the 18th-greatest "indie anthem".[35] In September 2007, a poll of 50 songwriters in Q named it one of the ten greatest tracks.[36] In the Australian Triple J Hottest 100 of All Time, 2009, it was voted the 14th-best song of all time.[37] Pitchfork named it the 29th-best track of the 90s,[38] and included it in the 2008 book The Pitchfork 500.[39] In 2011, NME named it the ninth-best track of the previous 15 years.[40] Though the Verve have several hit singles, Paste named "Bitter Sweet Symphony" the best one-hit wonder of the 1990s.[41] Rolling Stone included it at number 382 in its 2004 list of the "500 Greatest Songs of All Time"[42] and at number 392 in its 2010 list.[43] In 2015, Rolling Stone readers voted it the third-greatest Britpop song, after "Common People" by Pulp and "Don't Look Back in Anger" by Oasis.[44]

Track listings

[edit]

Charts

[edit]

Certifications

[edit]
Region Certification Certified units/sales
Australia (ARIA)[102] Gold 35,000^
Brazil (Pro-Música Brasil)[103] Gold 30,000‡
France (SNEP)[104] Gold 250,000*
Germany (BVMI)[105] Gold 250,000‡
Italy (FIMI)[106] 2× Platinum 200,000‡
Spain (PROMUSICAE)[107] 2× Platinum 120,000‡
United Kingdom (BPI)[108] 4× Platinum 2,400,000‡
United States (RIAA)[109] Gold 500,000^

* Sales figures based on certification alone.
^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.
‡ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.

Release history

[edit]
Region Date Format(s) Label(s) Ref.
United Kingdom 16 June 1997
  • 7-inch vinyl
  • CD
  • cassette
[110]
United States 8 September 1997 Alternative radio [111]
Japan 8 October 1997 CD Virgin [112]
United States 11 November 1997 Contemporary hit radio
[113]
United Kingdom 2 March 1998 12-inch vinyl [114]
United States 10 March 1998
  • CD
  • cassette
 [115]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "BBC News | Entertainment | The Verve's bitter sweet career". news.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 29 April 2024.
  2. ^ Billboard Hot 100 (line 17) Archived 15 March 2015 at the Wayback Machine. TheBestSongsEver.com
  3. ^ 41st Grammy Awards - 1999 Archived 10 May 2017 at the Wayback Machine Rock on the Net. Retrieved 12 February 2012
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i Fricke, David (16 April 1998). "The Verve: Richard Ashcroft's bittersweet triumph". Rolling Stone. Retrieved 14 July 2022.
  5. ^ Tsiouclas, Anastasia (23 May 2019). "The Verve finally owns 'Bitter Sweet Symphony'". NPR. Retrieved 14 July 2022.
  6. ^ a b c d "David Sinclair Whitaker: Sweet Symphony". January 2001. Archived from the original on 19 March 2014. Retrieved 5 April 2014. Sound on Sound. Retrieved 19 March 2014
  7. ^ Gourlay, Dom. "Urban Hymns At 20: DiS meets Nick McCabe". Drowned in Sound. Archived from the original on 29 August 2017. Retrieved 15 July 2022.
  8. ^ a b Thierry, Somers (March 2011). "Wil Malone". 200%. Retrieved 20 July 2022.
  9. ^ Q January 2001
  10. ^ Kaufman, Gil (18 September 1997). "The Verve Back With Bitter Sweet Hit". MTV. Archived from the original on 25 May 2019. Retrieved 25 May 2019.
  11. ^ Wiederhorn, Jon (16 October 1997). "Recordings". Rolling Stone. Issue 771.
  12. ^ Smirke, Richard (23 May 2019). "The Verve's Richard Ashcroft will receive songwriters royalties to 'Bitter Sweet Symphony' after 'magnanimous gesture' from pair of Rolling Stones". Billboard. Retrieved 9 September 2024.
  13. ^ a b c Beaumont-Thomas, Ben (23 May 2019). "Bittersweet no more: Rolling Stones pass Verve royalties to Richard Ashcroft". The Guardian. Retrieved 14 July 2022.
  14. ^ Millar, Mark (5 September 2017). "Interview: the Verve guitarist Nick McCabe discusses Urban Hymns". XS Noize. Retrieved 24 October 2023.
  15. ^ a b c Roffman, Michael (26 November 2018). "Richard Ashcroft revisits the Verve's 'Bittersweet Symphony' lawsuit: 'I'm coming for my money, man'". Consequence. Retrieved 14 July 2022.
  16. ^ a b c d e Gwee, Karen (25 June 2019). "Richard Ashcroft's manager reveals how the Rolling Stones returned the rights to the Verve's 'Bitter Sweet Symphony'". NME. Retrieved 14 July 2022.
  17. ^ a b Powell, Betsy. MusicSaves.org: "Bitter, Sweet Success" Archived 20 March 2015 at the Wayback Machine
  18. ^ Vozick-Levinson, Simon (23 May 2019). "Rolling Stones finally give back 'Bitter Sweet Symphony' songwriting credits". Rolling Stone. Retrieved 14 July 2022.
  19. ^ Snyder, Jeffrey (27 January 2015). "Song authorship controversies, from George Harrison to Oasis". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on 16 June 2017. Retrieved 6 May 2017.
  20. ^ a b Smith, Dakota (20 January 1998). "The Verve go commercial with 'Bitter Sweet Symphony'". MTV News. Archived from the original on 26 September 2018. Retrieved 17 July 2022.
  21. ^ O'Connor, Christopher (11 January 1999). "The Verve Sued Again Over 'Bitter Sweet Symphony'". MTV. Archived from the original on 30 May 2016. Retrieved 1 June 2016.
  22. ^ a b Bychawski, Adam (7 October 2008). "Rolling Stones' manager derides the Verve". NME. Archived from the original on 23 October 2016. Retrieved 1 February 2015.
  23. ^ a b "The Bittersweet Symphony dispute is over". BBC News. 23 May 2019. Archived from the original on 2 November 2021. Retrieved 23 May 2019.
  24. ^ Saavedra, David (29 May 2022). "The bittersweet story of the song that ended 'Britpop'". EL PAÍS English Edition. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
  25. ^ a b c d Perry, Francesca (27 July 2016). "The best music videos about city life – from U2 to Beyoncé". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 12 January 2021. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
  26. ^ 1998 MTV Video Music Awards Archived 4 September 2012 at the Wayback Machine Rock on the Net. Retrieved 11 February 2012
  27. ^ Piercy, James (18 June 2021). "The story of how a Bristol Rovers favourite helped create an all-time England football anthem". Bristol Post.
  28. ^ Irene Morra (2013). Britishness, Popular Music, and National Identity: The Making of Modern Britain. p. 138. Routledge,
  29. ^ Sweney, Mark (27 January 2016). "ASA clears Chris Moyles Radio X ad despite more than 100 complaints". The Guardian.
  30. ^ "54 locations that defined Britpop". The Telegraph. 25 March 2018. Archived from the original on 26 March 2018. Retrieved 25 March 2018.
  31. ^ Radio 1 - Best Tracks Ever Archived 11 October 2018 at the Wayback Machine Rock List.net. Retrieved 10 February 2012
  32. ^ "100 Greatest ... (The 100 Greatest Pop Videos)". ITN Source. Archived from the original on 21 February 2015. Retrieved 31 May 2019.
  33. ^ "Richard Ashcroft 'Married' To Chris Martin". Gigwise. 19 March 2006. Archived from the original on 24 July 2017. Retrieved 2 October 2019.
  34. ^ "Coldplay / Richard Ashcroft - Bittersweet Symphony (Live 8 2005)". YouTube. 21 September 2018. Archived from the original on 16 July 2021. Retrieved 19 July 2021.
  35. ^ The Greatest Indie Anthems Ever - Numbers 30-11 Archived 10 August 2016 at the Wayback Machine, NME.com. Accessed on 23 June 2007.
  36. ^ "Songwriters reveal top 10 tracks" Archived 15 December 2007 at the Wayback Machine. BBC News. Retrieved 31 August 2007
  37. ^ "Countdown | Hottest 100 - Of All Time | triple j". Abc.net.au. Archived from the original on 24 February 2012. Retrieved 11 February 2012.
  38. ^ "The Top 200 Tracks of the 1990s: 50-21 - Page 3 - Pitchfork". Pitchfork. 2 September 2010. Archived from the original on 29 February 2016. Retrieved 21 April 2020.
  39. ^ Plagenhoef, Scott; Schreiber, Ryan, eds. (November 2008). The Pitchfork 500. Simon & Schuster. pp. 143–144. ISBN 978-1-4165-6202-3.
  40. ^ "150 Best Tracks Of The Past 15 Years". NME. 30 April 1997. Archived from the original on 11 January 2012. Retrieved 4 January 2012.
  41. ^ Barrett, John (28 September 2011). "25 Awesome One-Hit Wonders of the 1990s". Paste. Archived from the original on 13 March 2014. Retrieved 29 May 2013.
  42. ^ "500 Greatest Songs of All Time 2004 301-400". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on 21 June 2008. Retrieved 18 August 2021.
  43. ^ "500 Greatest Songs of All Time". Rolling Stone. 11 December 2003. Retrieved 16 March 2023.
  44. ^ Greene, Andy (25 March 2018). "Readers' Poll: The 10 Best Brit-Pop Songs". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on 26 March 2018. Retrieved 25 March 2018.
  45. ^ Bitter Sweet Symphony (UK CD1 liner notes). The Verve. Hut Recordings, Virgin Records. 1997. HUTDG 82.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
  46. ^ Bitter Sweet Symphony (UK cassette single sleeve). The Verve. Hut Recordings, Virgin Records. 1997. HUTC 82.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
  47. ^ Bitter Sweet Symphony (Japanese CD single liner notes). The Verve. Virgin Records. 1997. VJCP-12077.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
  48. ^ Bitter Sweet Symphony (UK CD2 liner notes). The Verve. Hut Recordings, Virgin Records. 1997. HUTDX 82.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
  49. ^ Bitter Sweet Symphony (UK 12-inch single sleeve). The Verve. Hut Recordings, Virgin Records. 1997. HUTT 82.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
  50. ^ Bitter Sweet Symphony (European CD single liner notes). The Verve. Hut Recordings, Virgin Records. 1997. HUTCDE 82.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
  51. ^ Bitter Sweet Symphony (US CD single liner notes). The Verve. Hut Recordings, Virgin Records. 1998. V25D-38634.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
  52. ^ Bitter Sweet Symphony (US cassette single sleeve). The Verve. Hut Recordings, Virgin Records. 1997. 4KM-38634.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
  53. ^ "The Verve – Bitter Sweet Symphony". ARIA Top 50 Singles. Retrieved 13 April 2018.
  54. ^ "The Verve – Bitter Sweet Symphony" (in German). Ö3 Austria Top 40. Retrieved 13 April 2018.
  55. ^ "The Verve – Bitter Sweet Symphony" (in Dutch). Ultratop 50. Retrieved 13 April 2018.
  56. ^ "The Verve – Bitter Sweet Symphony" (in French). Ultratop 50. Retrieved 13 April 2018.
  57. ^ "Top RPM Singles: Issue 3451." RPM. Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved 13 April 2018.
  58. ^ "Top RPM Rock/Alternative Tracks: Issue 3436." RPM. Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved 13 April 2018.
  59. ^ "Eurochart Hot 100 Singles" (PDF). Music & Media. Vol. 14, no. 27. 5 July 1997. p. 13. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 June 2020. Retrieved 5 February 2020.
  60. ^ "The Verve: Bitter Sweet Symphony" (in Finnish). Musiikkituottajat. Retrieved 13 April 2018.
  61. ^ "The Verve – Bitter Sweet Symphony" (in French). Les classement single. Retrieved 13 April 2018.
  62. ^ "The Verve – Bitter Sweet Symphony" (in German). GfK Entertainment charts. Retrieved 13 April 2018.
  63. ^ "Íslenski Listinn Topp 40 (NR. 233 Vikuna 7.8. '97 – 14.8. '97)". Dagblaðið Vísir (in Icelandic). 8 August 1997. p. 22. Archived from the original on 4 June 2020. Retrieved 12 July 2018.
  64. ^ "The Irish Charts – Search Results – Bitter Sweet Symphony". Irish Singles Chart. Retrieved 13 April 2018.
  65. ^ "Top National Sellers" (PDF). Music & Media. Vol. 14, no. 39. 27 September 1997. p. 15. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 August 2020. Retrieved 27 November 2019.
  66. ^ "Nederlandse Top 40 – week 33, 1997" (in Dutch). Dutch Top 40. Retrieved 13 April 2018.
  67. ^ "The Verve – Bitter Sweet Symphony" (in Dutch). Single Top 100. Retrieved 13 April 2018.
  68. ^ "The Verve – Bitter Sweet Symphony". Top 40 Singles. Retrieved 13 April 2018.
  69. ^ "The Verve – Bitter Sweet Symphony". VG-lista. Retrieved 13 April 2018.
  70. ^ "Official Scottish Singles Sales Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved 13 April 2018.
  71. ^ Salaverri, Fernando (September 2005). Sólo éxitos: año a año, 1959–2002 (1st ed.). Spain: Fundación Autor-SGAE. ISBN 84-8048-639-2.
  72. ^ "The Verve – Bitter Sweet Symphony". Singles Top 100. Retrieved 13 April 2018.
  73. ^ "The Verve – Bitter Sweet Symphony". Swiss Singles Chart. Retrieved 13 April 2018.
  74. ^ "Official Singles Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved 13 April 2018.
  75. ^ "Billboard Hot 100". Billboard. 4 April 1998. Retrieved 6 November 2023.
  76. ^ "Adult Pop Airplay". Billboard. 11 April 1998. Retrieved 6 November 2023.
  77. ^ "Mainstream Rock Airplay". Billboard. 14 March 1998. Retrieved 6 November 2023.
  78. ^ "Pop Airplay". Billboard. 28 March 1998. Retrieved 6 November 2023.
  79. ^ "Alternative Airplay". Billboard. 31 January 1998. Retrieved 6 November 2023.
  80. ^ "Adult Alternative Airplay". Billboard. 14 February 1998. Retrieved 6 November 2023.
  81. ^ "Hot Rock & Alternative Songs". Billboard. 8 June 2019. Retrieved 6 November 2023.
  82. ^ "ARIA Top 100 Singles for 1997". ARIA. Archived from the original on 24 February 2021. Retrieved 9 March 2021.
  83. ^ "Jaaroverzichten 1997" (in Dutch). Ultratop. Archived from the original on 14 February 2021. Retrieved 22 June 2019.
  84. ^ "Rapports annuels 1997" (in French). Ultratop. Archived from the original on 21 February 2021. Retrieved 22 June 2019.
  85. ^ "Year in Focus – Eurochart Hot 100 Singles 1997" (PDF). Music & Media. Vol. 14, no. 52. 27 December 1997. p. 7. Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 October 2020. Retrieved 5 February 2020.
  86. ^ "Tops de L'année | Top Singles 1997" (in French). SNEP. Archived from the original on 30 July 2020. Retrieved 14 August 2020.
  87. ^ "Árslistinn 1997 – Íslenski Listinn – 100 Vinsælustu Lögin". Dagblaðið Vísir (in Icelandic). 2 January 1998. p. 25. Archived from the original on 4 December 2021. Retrieved 15 February 2020.
  88. ^ "Top 100–Jaaroverzicht van 1997". Dutch Top 40. Archived from the original on 22 February 2020. Retrieved 25 February 2020.
  89. ^ "Jaaroverzichten – Single 1997" (in Dutch). MegaCharts. Archived from the original on 17 February 2021. Retrieved 22 June 2019.
  90. ^ "Årslista Singlar, 1997" (in Swedish). Sverigetopplistan. Archived from the original on 8 March 2021. Retrieved 16 May 2020.
  91. ^ "Schweizer Jahreshitparade 1997" (in German). Archived from the original on 24 February 2021. Retrieved 22 June 2019.
  92. ^ "Top 100 Singles 1997". Music Week. 17 January 1998. p. 27.
  93. ^ "Best of '97: Modern Rock Track". Airplay Monitor. Vol. 5, no. 52. 28 December 1997. p. 30.
  94. ^ "RPM's Top 100 Hit Tracks of '98" (PDF). RPM. Vol. 63, no. 12. 14 December 1998. p. 20. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 March 2019. Retrieved 23 March 2019.
  95. ^ "RPM's Top 50 Alternative Tracks of '98". RPM. Library and Archives Canada. Archived from the original on 12 June 2018. Retrieved 13 April 2018.
  96. ^ "Billboard Top 100 – 1998". Archived from the original on 9 March 2009. Retrieved 28 August 2010.
  97. ^ "Most Played Adult Top 40 Songs of 1998". Airplay Monitor. Vol. 6, no. 52. 25 December 1998. p. 55.
  98. ^ "Most Played Mainstream Rock Songs of 1998". Airplay Monitor. Vol. 6, no. 52. 25 December 1998. p. 34.
  99. ^ "Most Played Mainstream Top 40 Songs of 1998". Airplay Monitor. Vol. 6, no. 52. 25 December 1998. p. 45.
  100. ^ "The Year in Music 1998: Hot Modern Rock Tracks". Billboard. Vol. 110, no. 52. 26 December 1998. p. YE-84.
  101. ^ "Best of '98: Most Played Triple-A Songs". Airplay Monitor. Vol. 6, no. 52. 25 December 1998. p. 35.
  102. ^ "ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 1997 Singles" (PDF). Australian Recording Industry Association. Retrieved 9 January 2015.
  103. ^ "Brazilian single certifications – The Verve – Bitter Sweet Symphony" (in Portuguese). Pro-Música Brasil. Retrieved 20 July 2024.
  104. ^ "French single certifications – The Verve – Bitter Sweet Symphony" (in French). Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique. Retrieved 9 January 2015.
  105. ^ "Gold-/Platin-Datenbank (The Verve; 'Bitter Sweet Symphony')" (in German). Bundesverband Musikindustrie. Retrieved 15 May 2018.
  106. ^ "Italian single certifications – The Verve – Bitter Sweet Symphony" (in Italian). Federazione Industria Musicale Italiana. Retrieved 30 September 2024.
  107. ^ "Spanish single certifications – The Verve – Bitter Sweet Symphony". El portal de Música. Productores de Música de España. Retrieved 6 March 2024.
  108. ^ "British single certifications – Verve – Bitter Sweet Symphony". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved 29 June 2024.
  109. ^ "American single certifications – The Verve – Bittersweet Symphony". Recording Industry Association of America. Retrieved 2 January 2019.
  110. ^ "New Releases: Singles" (PDF). Music Week. 14 June 1997. p. 43. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 July 2021. Retrieved 4 July 2021.
  111. ^ "Be on the Lookout". Gavin Report. No. 2171. 5 September 1997. p. 20.
  112. ^ "ビター・スイート・シンフォニー | ザ・ヴァーヴ" [Bitter Sweet Symphony | The Verve] (in Japanese). Oricon. Retrieved 31 August 2023.
  113. ^ "New Releases". Radio & Records. No. 1222. 7 November 1997. p. 39.
  114. ^ "New Releases: Singles". Music Week. 28 February 1998. p. 27.
  115. ^ "Scans: Grateful Dead, Erykah Badu, Beck, Korn, the Verve..." MTV. 2 March 1998. Archived from the original on 24 October 2021. Retrieved 24 October 2021.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bitter_Sweet_Symphony&oldid=1256999343"